Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a parliamentary democracy in the Middle East, on the south-eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. Israel's financial center is Tel Aviv, while Jerusalem is the country's most populous city if occupied East Jerusalem is included.

A Juris Doctor or Doctor of Jurisprudence degree is a law degree earned by completing a two- to four-year law school program. JD holders may practice law in a given U.S. state after passing a bar examination.